INGREDIENTS
- 10% Vitamin C stabilized
- 5% niacinamide
- Matrixyl peptide
- Pycnogenol
Full list of ingredients (INCI):
Aqua, Glycerin, Sodium ascorbyl phosphate, Dimethicone, Niacinamide, 3-O-ethyl ascorbic acid, Citric acid, Sodium levulinate, Palmitoyl tripeptide-1, Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, Pinus pinaster bark extract, Daucus carota sativa seed oil, Daucus carota sativa root extract, Tocopheryl acetate, Biosaccharide gum-1, Xanthan gum, Potassium sorbate, Sodium phytate, Canola oil, Glyceryl caprylate, Sodium anisate, Beta-carotene, Helianthus annuus seed oil, Butylene glycol, Carbomer, Sodium lactate, Polysorbate 20, Parfum.
Bibliography:
SAP & Retinol, benefits for acne:
- Ruamrak C, Lourith N, Natakankitkul S. Comparison of clinical efficacies of sodium ascorbyl phosphate, retinol and their combination in acne treatment. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2009 Feb;31(1):41-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2008.00479.x. PMID: 19134126.
Peptides benefits:
- International Journal of Toxicology, Volume 37, Supplement 3, November 2018, pages 90S–102S
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, June 2015, pages 152–160
- Resende DISP, Ferreira MS, Sousa-Lobo JM, Sousa E, Almeida IF. Usage of Synthetic Peptides in Cosmetics for Sensitive Skin. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021 Jul 21;14(8):702. doi: 10.3390/ph14080702. PMID: 34451799; PMCID: PMC8400021.
Pycnogenol & melasma:
- Babbush KM, Babbush RA, Khachemoune A. Treatment of melasma: a review of less commonly used antioxidants. Int J Dermatol. 2021 Feb;60(2):166-173. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15133. Epub 2020 Aug 20. PMID: 32815582.